The atomic number of titanium is 22, the number of electrons outside the nucleus is 22, and its electronic configuration is 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d²4s²([Ar]3d²4s²). There are two allotropes of titanium element: α-Ti and β-Ti. α-Ti is a hexagonal crystal system, and the atom packing mode is hexagonal dense packing, and the atomic space utilization rate is 74%. β-Ti is the cubic lattice, the atom packing mode is body-centered cubic dense packing, and the atomic space utilization rate is 68%. In addition, when a small number of defects appear in the titanium crystal, the properties of the crystal, such as mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, etc., will be affected.